Annotated bibliography Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 9

Annotated Bibliography Example so as to promote safe drinking habits among the young adults and also to respect the law that acknowledges their ability to make informed decisions for themselves. Messite, Z. â€Å"It’s Time to Lower the Drinking Age.† Journal Sentinel. 14 Aug. 2014. Web. 13 Oct. 2014. http://www.jsonline.com/news/opinion/its-time-to-lower-the-drinking-age-b99330490z1-271316611.html Appreciating that college and university students aged between 18 and 22 engage in alcohol consumption, occasionally to excess, this article argues for recognition of those that are 18 and above as adults by the laws governing alcohol consumption. Since the society and law consider anybody aged 18 and above as a responsible adult, it would be in order to lower the drinking age to 18 so as to give such persons the right to buy and drink alcohol. This would deter the habit of drinking in secret among such persons thus curbing the commonly reported cases of fatal injuries due to falls, abhorrent sexual behaviors, alcohol poisoning and binge consumption among many other bad

Commentary on Testing the Reality Essay Example for Free

Commentary on Testing the Reality Essay This short but powerfully descriptive poem tells the story of a young man who comes to discover just how fragile the boundary between life and death really is. Written in the form of a dramatic lyric, the poem highlights the moment of revelation and reflection as the man realizes his mother hadnt died; instead she had moved on to another place. The themes of death and abandonment are clearly depicted by the poet through the use of tone, setting, rhythm, symbolism, hyperbole, alliteration and time. Through all these methods, the poet builds a sense of sorrow and feeling of utter reliance the narrator has upon his mother. It emphasizes the mans lifelong journey, from a young child learning to count to a fully grown man mourning the death of his 70-year-old mother. As he grows in body and matures in mind, he fills his head with knowledge and pushes at the boundaries of his world, testing it. The name Testing the Reality arises because the son has to face the reality of life, and the deaths that occur in life. The poem takes place in a church, in a funeral set-up, with flocking birds in the sky. We understand this because of the phrase so crammed church roof and belfry. I can comprehend that it is a funeral because the poet relates the hibernation of the birds to a 70 year old woman. The writer also illustrates a picture of a myriad of birds as he writes There must have been 10,000 there or more. Even though he feels immense loneliness and sadness after the passing on of his mother, he is not yet ready to follow her, and must remain in reality, hence he is the last soul still unhatched. The poem begins in the first person as the poet describes his experiences as a boy. We learn that his mother taught him to count to a ragged 20 but no higher. When he was still a boy, the sheer number of birds perching on the belfry exceeded his counting abilities, cramming church roof and belfry, cross and spire. At this later stage in his life, however, it is not due to his counting skills that he cannot count but due to the sheer immeasurable quantity and their uncontrollable, free nature, unable to be caged or catalogued. Their numbers were so great that their final taking off blacked Beestons sky. These birds feature throughout the poem, creating a sense of activity and movement and dramatic symbolism. Here, the black sky symbolises the unfortunate and sad mood. While the flocking birds represent what the man is looking at and his memories of them as a boy, they also have a metaphorical meaning, symbolizing the life and death of his mother. The crossroad of reality and imagery appears in line six with the following alliteration: picketed piercingly the passing of each day. The power of the repeated P sound reflects the sound of the birds cries. In the poets mind, each bird also represents a single day in the life of his mother. In fact, as the second stanza progresses, the birds only exist to measure the accumulated days in the life of the mans mother. Her attraction towards the birds is completed when they suddenly depart, taking her life with them. The shock of the mothers death is so deep that the first person used throughout the first two stanzas is obliterated and transformed into the third person in the last stanza, the man suddenly being referred to as her son. The third stanza also dramatizes the metaphorical blend of his mother and the birds. Death becomes the wings of night, her life becomes the flocking days. Her departure from the earth is an effusion, a release, of all her physical experiences which are soaring away. So significant was she to her son that her departing life blocked the light. In the final line the son becomes an unhatched egg/soul left behind in the clutch or the nest. Having come to associate the birds with his mother, his memories of her are immediately summoned whenever he sees them. She may be dead but she lives on in his memories of the birds. At first they shrilly hailed the first new light they saw, greeting the new day in what initially seems to be an irritating way because they are portrayed as having loud, high-pitched cries that are not particularly pleasant to the ears. However, after his mother dies, and they leave too, he comes to see them in a different light, after they soared away. His opinion of them has now changed and he sees them as graceful and elegant creatures. This imagery also successfully implies life after death, and the setting of the poem becomes important when looked at in this light. A church is a place of peaceful meditation, praying and holiness, a place where the boundaries between the physical and the spiritual, the barriers between life and death, merge. For these reasons it becomes the nest that hatches souls into the heavens. Even though the birds, and the mans mother with them, fly beyond all sight, hearing, taste, smell, touch they do not fly beyond love or memories, instead leaving a path for the man to follow when it is his turn to be hatched. The lesson the mother taught her son began with counting, but ended with a realization of life after death and the possibility of living, in spirit, for infinity.

K is for Killer :: Essays Papers

K Is for Killer Conflict is an integral part of a literary work. Many authors use conflict as a technique to help the reader feel exactly what the character is going through in he/she’s internal battles and struggles. Both of the fictional pieces, â€Å"The Fifth Child† by Doris Lessing and â€Å"’N’ Is For Noose† by Sue Grafton, contain significant conflicts between characters which are brought out through the use of many scenarios within the novels. The novel, â€Å"The Fifth Child† takes place in London during the late 1960’s. David and Harriet Lovatt are a happily married couple who reside with their four beautiful children in an enormous home on the grassy outskirts of town. The Lovatt’s are a close-knit family until the abnormal pregnancy and birth of a fifth child, Benjamin. Ben is a strong, loud, violent toddler with an appalling appetite. Besides his actions, Ben is also very different looking compared to the rest of the Lovatt children. Ben’s behavior and attitude begin to ruin the family to the point where each of the children are sent off to live with relatives and Harriet’s husband abandons her. Harriet is stuck with the internal conflict of choosing between her newest son and her husband and other 4 children. Harriet decides to get the best of both worlds by sending Ben off to a doctor to help control and correct his problems, so her family can return home and feel safe once again. Sending away her own flesh and blood starts eating at Harriet to the point where she takes Ben back home. She was astonished to find out that Ben had not gotten any better; he had actually gotten worse. Ben was now fascinated with the local town gang and was involved in many robberies, rapes and violent acts. Harriet feels like a failure as her attempt to regain her â€Å"perfect family† was destroyed. The literary work â€Å"‘N’ is for Noose† took place during the late 1980’s in Southern California. Selma Newquist, a run-down widow, hired a private investigator named Kinsey Millhone to find out the reasons behind the sudden death of her late husband Tom. Selma felt that something had been eating away at Tom right before his death, and she was nosey to find out what exactly it was so she could be at rest with herself.

Hawaiian Goose :: essays research papers

Hawaiian Goose The Branta sandvicensis, or Hawaiian goose looks similar to the Canada Goose except only the face, cap, and hindneck are black; and Nene have buff- colored cheeks. The males and female have the same plumage. The feet of this goose are not completely webbed like the other geese. Lots of calls have been described but the most common call is very similar to that of the Canada Goose, a resonate "honk." The goose has very strong toes; long legs, decreased webbing. They are good swimmers but are not found much near water. The birds nest on the ground and the young can fly at 1012 weeks. The adult Goose cannot fly while in molt for 46 weeks. Wild Nene populations can be seen in Hawaii Volcanoes National Park, Mauna Loa, and Pu'u Wa'awa'a on the island of Hawaii; in Haleakala National Park on Maui; and at the Kilauea National Wildlife Refuge, along the Na Pali coast and outside Lihue on Kauai. Captive Nene can be seen at he Honolulu Zoo. Designated Hawaii's State Bird on May 7, 1957, the Nene has endured a long struggle against extinction. During the 1940s this species was almost wiped out by laws which allowed the birds to be hunted during their winter breeding seasons when the birds were most vulnerable. By 1957, when the Nene was named the State Bird, rescue efforts were underway. Conservationists began breeding the birds in captivity in hopes of preserving a remnant of the declining population and, someday, successfully re-establishing them in their native habitat. Other programs for returning captive birds to the wild life was difficult, but more efforts have been successful. Some other efforts used to help this bird have been to get donations for the bird and have schools help out

Green Revolution Essay

Interaction between humans and the environment has always had a great importance in the development of humankind; according to Marx, what differentiates humans from other animals is the fact that humans can transform their surroundings to suit their needs, through labor. The Green Revolution is not the exception to that. In times of need the human being manipulated its environment to be suitable for its development, however, the question lingers, how efficient was it, how positive? The Green Revolution, from 1945 to the present, was motivated by the need to increase the production of food to supply for the increasing demand as population grew, to promote national self-sustainability in terms of food. However, during that period the effect of the Revolution have been detrimental to the environment and society: they have damaged agricultural diversity and heritage, damaged the lands, and put at risk food security; also, they have widened the gap between the very rich and the very poor, monopolizing the food industry. The Green Revolution originated after an urgent need to promote food security with a growing trend in global population, as a way to promote self-sustainability and independence. As it is clear in the report given by the Food and Agriculture Organization (DOC 2), in the period ranging from around 1929 (great depression) and 1945 (end of World War II) the global food supply index was below the world population. What this means is that there was literally not enough food being produced world wide to feed the world population. This struggle of human kind to stay afloat in supplying the minimum needs for survival meant that a change needed to occur. The answer, as Dr. Norman Borlaug stated in his Nobel Lecture (DOC 4) was not simply planting more in the developing nations, since the lands in those areas were â€Å"tired, worn out, depleted of plant nutrients†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Clearly, what the document refers is that a new, more effective way of growing food had to be developed. In fact, Dr. Borlaug states that the priority of the developments of the green revolution concentrated in the millions that were lurked by hunger, a large problematic that clearly was under the spotlight. As a proof that the world was prioritizing the deficient food supply is the statement given by President Harry Truman (DOC 3). President Truman was the leader of the most powerful nation in the world at the time, the one with the largest technological developments, and his word was the one that would set the course of the world. This particular speech is vital, since it is the inaugural speech, where he was to set the priorities of the government and address the world with what the United States had as a course for the future. In this speech, he clearly refers to the shocking figure that â€Å"more than half the people of the world are living in conditions approaching misery† and says that the United States will help provide â€Å"technical knowledge†¦ to produce more food† In the speech President Truman refers often to liberty, thus meaning that self-sustainability will provide freedom. This speech is the perfect example, the jewel of the trend that the world was seeing with regard to prioritizing food. The mention of â€Å"technical knowledge† is vital in the construction of the green revolution as a response to the lack of food, with technological developments in the agricultural field. Some have said that the Green Revolution has been a success in improving the food industry, and improving living conditions for everyone; nevertheless the numbers today reflect a mediocre success. Indian minister for food and agriculture (1964-1967) states in an interview (DOC 5) that the farmers of the state of Punjab competed to use the technology that was introduced by the green revolution the best. It is stated with a positive connotation, as to refer to the great feats of Punjab. This seems very positive, however, the most likely reason for this to have occurred is the fact that multinational corporations were kicking them out of the market and they were forced into utilizing the technology that those same corporations were imposing on them. If this were true, which it most likely is, as it has happened in many places around the world, it would discredit the great success that the Green Revolution supposedly is. Furthermore, the claim is that the Green Revolution has brought prosperity, however, to whom, to the ones that were rich already? A perfect example of this negative impact of the Green Revolution is the conversation between Mrs. Dula and the United Nations official (DOC 6), which gives a not very realistic perspective of the impact of the green Revolution and is concentrated exclusively in the sector of the very rich. This document is indeed quite revealing, as the speaker is an aristocratic woman of Mexico, probably a housewife who sees the world through the optic of his husband, a man who earns a salary if the revolution which he works for is successful; in fact, she is most likely part of one of the clubs she talks about herself. The occasion of this statement is a simple conversation with a UN official, probably at some sort of a social event, where the high class is all joined together, with perfectly slanted people who are not really analyzing the global impact of the Green Revolution. This document gives a crystal clear proof of how much the Green Revolution has made the â€Å"rich Mexican farmers† richer probably at the expense of making the poor laborers, poorer, however, this document presents only one, very bright point of view to sell the revolution. With regards to India once again, socially, they sell the idea of improvement, like in the report of the State of Punjab (DOC 9) where it says that the Green Revolution has seen with it the â€Å"emergence of middle and rich peasants† a very undesirable euphemism to conceal the actual situation. This document seems to give a perspective of social growth and development, of a population going for education, yet once again, it seems very idealistic in its tone, when in reality India has totally different conditions. With regards to that, India has one of the largest Gini index’s in the world, meaning a huge social inequality, and has one of the smallest middle classes in the world, which has diminished even more throughout the years, meaning that in reality, India may have had a somewhat positive year, but the general trend is of a very pronounced downturn in social progress, all related to the Green Revolution which is destroying the small farmers. The Green Revolution, in truth has brought more ill than it has brought good, in the environmental and social aspects. Regarding environmental harm, the FAO Wheat Yield report (DOC 1) is very good in demonstrating the introduction of massive scale crops that the Green Revolution brings forth with it. The introduction of these crops damages the lands since they are not prone to such production. The graphs show that in both Mexico and India the crop yields were extremely irregular, and as time passed they have become even more, this is due to the fact that they are not proper to those areas and its planting is something totally synthetic and with complete disrespect towards the natural balance. The article by Dr. Vandana Shiva (DOC 8) reveals how much damage the crops, especially Genetically Modified Organisms; do to the land they are planted in. The â€Å"reduced genetic diversity, increased vulnerability to pests, soil erosion, water shortages†¦Ã¢â‚¬  are effect that will leave marked the land for a long time, as Dr. Shiva states, and are a threat to future generations, which will have totally barren land where it will be impossible to plant food. Dr. Shiva also refers to the social problematic that the Green Revolution is planting alongside its seeds. For instance the fight for water to provide irrigation, previously not needed in India, has lead to â€Å"conflict and violence† and as it has become a worldwide trend, the career for water dominance is â€Å"leading to both local and interstate water conflicts. † This clearly shows how disadvantageous the spread of the Green Revolution has been, since it has brought unmeasured changes that have not been made responsibly, but rather abruptly, causing enormous damage. Dr. Shiva is an Indian Physicist, and being from India she probably has had a very direct contact with the Green Revolution, considering that one of its birthplaces was in fact the State of Punjab. In this occasion she is writing for the Ecologist magazine, a publication read by people with primary interest in the environmental issues, including organization leaders and maybe politicians who will probably get concerned, especially due to the tone of annoyance and hatred that she employs in the article. Expanding on social implications, the Guatemalan National Coordinating Committee of Indigenous peasants (DOC 10) gives a different perspective. Although it may sound somewhat as mysticism from indigenous people, saying that they have contaminated the seeds is not a joke, considering the hormones that can be found in GMO plantations. This also acknowledges a vital issue, the loss of diversity and heritage that society is killing with the systematic Green Revolution trends, like the Mayan traditions, which have been present for â€Å"five thousand years. † Furthermore, the social disaster does not stop there, but stumbles over women, which according to the FAO Newsletter (DOC 7) have been forced to change their job. In this case the implications have made woman, traditionally in other roles, have even less opportunities to succeed, as the increased need for cash income made the woman be forced to work. This implies a social catastrophe since it denies the right of woman to equal opportunities, which are stripped off with the Green Revolution, which makes them simply one more laborer forced to work. Additional to the information presented in the documents it would be vital to contain the point of view of a small scale male farmer that has to compete with the multinational corporations, which have been installed after the start of the Green Revolution circa 1945. This would be important since it would show the first hand effects of the monopolies that the Green Revolution has brought, with regards to the social impact it has made, and whether that impact is positive or negative. As discussed throughout the essay, the Green Revolution, which has lasted from 1945 until the present day, was originated with a need to secure food production in a starving world. However its effects were not so positive, since today many starve, and the Green Revolution has damaged the environment and widened the gap between the social classes. The setup of crops that have give no benefit to the places in which they are grown, with complete disregard to the ecological balance that was being destroyed have caused issues ranging from soil erosion to water shortages and crops with pest vulnerability. The Green Revolution has also made the rich farmers richer at the cost of the poor being poorer, since the costs of the new technologies are not easily accessible, but the yields that they provide take the small farmers out of business. In general, although certain governments sponsor the Green Revolution and make it seem positive, it has brought about large changes in the way humans interact with the environment, with a generalized destruction of it to get short-term solutions to the problem of food shortages.

Battle of Big Bethel - American Civil War

Battle of Big Bethel - American Civil War The Battle of Big Bethel was fought June 10, 1861, during the American Civil War (1861-1865). Following the Confederate attack on Fort Sumter on April 12, 1861, President Abraham Lincoln called for 75,000 men to aid in putting down the rebellion. Unwilling to provide soldiers, Virginia instead elected to leave the Union and join the Confederacy. As Virginia mobilized its state forces, Colonel Justin Dimick prepared to defend Fort Monroe at the tip of the peninsula between the York and James Rivers. Situated on Old Point Comfort, the fort commanded Hampton Roads and part of the Chesapeake Bay. Easily resupplied by water, its land approaches consisted of a narrow causeway and isthmus which were covered by the forts guns. After refusing an early surrender request from the Virginia militia, Dimicks situation became stronger after April 20 when two Massachusetts militia regiments arrived as reinforcements. These forces continued to be augmented over the next month and on May 23 Major General Benjamin F. Butler assumed command. As the garrison swelled, the forts grounds were no longer sufficient to encamp the Union forces. While Dimick had established Camp Hamilton outside the forts walls, Butler sent a force eight miles northwest to Newport News on May 27. Taking the town, the Union troops constructed fortifications which were dubbed Camp Butler. Guns were soon emplaced which covered the James River and the mouth of the Nansemond River. Over the following days, both Camps Hamilton and Butler continued to be enlarged. In Richmond, Major General Robert E. Lee, commanding the Virginia forces, increasingly became concerned regarding Butlers activity. In an effort to contain and push back Union forces, he directed Colonel John B. Magruder take troops down the Peninsula. Establishing his headquarters at Yorktown on May 24, he commanded around 1,500 men including some troops from North Carolina. Armies Commanders: Union Major General Benjamin ButlerBrigadier General Ebenezer Peirce Confederate Colonel John B. MagruderColonel Daniel H. Hill Magruder Moves South On June 6, Magruder sent a force under Colonel D.H. Hill south to Big Bethel Church which was approximately eight miles from the Union camps. Assuming a position on the heights north of the west branch of the Back River, he commenced building a series of fortifications across the road between Yorktown and Hampton including a bridge over the river. To support this position, Hill built a redoubt across the river on his right as well as works covering a ford to his left. As construction moved along at Big Bethel, he pushed a small force of around 50 men south to Little Bethel Church where an outpost was established. Having assumed these positions, Magruder began harassing Union patrols. Butler Responds Aware that Magruder had a substantial force at Big Bethel, Butler wrongly assumed that the garrison at Little Bethel was of a similar size. Desiring to push the Confederates back, he directed Major Theodore Winthrop of his staff to devise an attack plan. Calling for converging columns from Camps Butler and Hamilton, Winthrop intended to mount a night assault on Little Bethel before pushing on to Big Bethel. On the night of June 9-10, Butler put 3,500 men in motion under the overall command of Brigadier General Ebenezer W. Peirce of the Massachusetts militia. The plan called for Colonel Abram Duryees 5th New York Volunteer Infantry to leave Camp Hamilton and sever the road between Big and Little Bethel before attacking the latter. They were to be followed by Colonel Frederick Townsends 3rd New York Volunteer Infantry Regiment which would provide support. As troops were departing Camp Hamilton, detachments of the 1st Vermont and 4th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry, under Lieutenant Colonel Peter T. Washburn, and Colonel John A. Bendixs 7th New York Volunteer were to advance from Camp Butler. These were to meet Townsends regiment and form a reserve. Concerned about the green nature of his men and confusion at night, Butler directed that Union troops wear a white band on their left arm and use the password Boston. Unfortunately, Butlers messenger to Camp Butler failed to pass on this information. Around 4:00 AM, Duryees men were in position and Captain Judson Kilpatrick captured the Confederate pickets. Before the 5th New York could attack they heard gunfire in their rear. This proved to be Bendixs men accidentally firing on Townsends regiment as they approached. As the Union had yet to standardize its uniforms, the situation was increasingly confused as the 3rd New York wore gray. Pushing On Restoring order, Duryee and Washburn recommended that the operation be canceled. Unwilling to do so, Peirce elected to continue the advance. The friendly fire incident alerted Magruders men to the Union attack and the men at Little Bethel withdrew. Pushing on with Duryees Regiment in the lead, Peirce occupied and burned Little Bethel Church before marching north towards Big Bethel. As the Union troops approached, Magruder had just settled his men into their lines having aborted a movement against Hampton. Having lost the element of surprise, Kilpatrick further alerted the enemy to the Union approach when he shot at the Confederate pickets. Partially screened by trees and buildings, Peirces men began to arrive on the field. Duryees regiment was the first to attack and was turned back by heavy enemy fire. Union Failure Deploying his troops astride the Hampton Road, Peirce also brought up three guns overseen by Lieutenant John T. Greble. Around noon, the 3rd New York advanced and attacked the forward Confederate position. This proved unsuccessful and Townsends men sought cover before withdrawing. In the earthworks, Colonel W.D. Stuart feared that he was being outflanked and withdrew to the main Confederate line. This allowed the 5th New York, which had been supporting Townsends regiment to capture the redoubt. Unwilling to cede this position, Magruder directed reinforcements forward. Left unsupported, the 5th New York was forced to retreat. With this setback, Peirce directed attempts to turn the Confederate flanks. These too proved unsuccessful and Winthrop was killed. With the battle becoming a stalemate, Union troops and artillery continued firing on Magruders men from building on the south side of the creek. When a sortie to burn these structures was forced back, he directed his artillery to destroy them. Successful, the effort exposed Grebles guns which continued firing. As the Confederate artillery concentrated on this position, Greble was struck down. Seeing that no advantage could be gained, Peirce ordered his men to begin leaving the field. Aftermath Though pursued by a small force of Confederate cavalry, the Union troops reached their camps by 5:00 PM. In the fighting at Big Bethel, Peirce sustained 18 killed, 53 wounded, and 5 missing while Magruders command incurred 1 killed and 7 wounded. One of the first Civil War battles to be fought in Virginia, Big Bethel led Union troops to halt their advance up the Peninsula. Though victorious, Magruder also withdrew to a new, stronger line near Yorktown. Following the Union defeat at First Bull Run the following month, Butlers forces were reduced which further hampered operations. This would change the following spring when Major General George B. McClellan arrived with the Army of the Potomac at the start of the Peninsula Campaign. As Union troops moved north, Magruder slowed their advance using a variety of tricks during the Siege of Yorktown.

James Baldwin essays

James Baldwin essays James Baldwin was born in Harlem on August 2, 1924. His name at birth was James Arthur Jones. Baldwin never knew his father; his mother, who was originally from Maryland, was named Emma Burdis Jones. In 1927, she married David Baldwin, a Baptist preacher and factory worker from New Orleans with a twelve-year-old son, and thus the future writer received the last name that he was to make famous. Together the couple went on to have six children of their own, three sons and three daughters, the last of which was born on the same day that David Baldwin died, July 29, 1943. In 1935, James entered Frederick Douglass Junior High School, where he wrote for and helped to edit the school magazine. From 1938 until his graduation in 1942, Baldwin attended De Witt Clinton High School in the Bronx. He had a religious experience in 1938, and for the next three years was a boy preacher at Fireside Pentecostal Assembly, a phase of his life that ended at the time of his high-school graduation. For the next several years, he worked at a variety of jobs, including waiting tables in Greenwich Village, where he had moved to further his artistic ambitions. In 1944, he met Richard Wright, author of the novel Native Son and the soon-to-be-published autobiography Black Boy, who encouraged his literary ambitions and recommended hi to his own publisher. Write allowed Baldwin the financial freedom he needed to concentrate solely on his writing. In 1948 Baldwin moved to Paris where he joined a group of black writers and artists that included Chester Himes, Richard Wright and Ollie Harrington. His first novel, Go Tell It on the Mountain in 1953, concerned a young boy coming to terms with the religious beliefs of his father. His second novel, Giovanni's Room in 1956, is an account of an American living in Paris. In 1957 Baldwin return to the United States where he became involved in the struggle for civil rights. Baldwin quickly discovered that social con...

What Is Commensalism Definition and Examples

What Is Commensalism Definition and Examples SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Are you studying commensalism in biology class and looking for a good commensalism definition? Commensalism is one of the trickier types of symbiosis to understand, but we'll break it down for you. Read this article to discover what commensalism is, the different types of commensalism, commensalism examples in nature, and the other types of symbiosis and how they differ from commensalism. What Is Commensalism? Commensalism is a type of symbiosis. Symbiosis refers to any long-term interaction that two organisms have with each other. A hyena and lion who get into a fight then never see each other again would not qualify to be living in symbiosis because their interaction is not long term. However, a lion and hyena who regularly come into contact and compete for prey would have a symbiotic relationship because their interaction is ongoing. In commensalism, one organism benefits from the relationship and the other is neither benefited nor harmedthe effect of the relationship on it is neutral. The term was coined in 1876 by Belgian zoologist Pierre-Joseph van Beneden. The word â€Å"commensalism† comes from the Latin word commensalis which means â€Å"sharing a table.† Types of Commensalism All types of commensalism require one organism to benefit from the relationship and the other to be unaffected, but within those parameters, there are three main types of commensalism. Inquilinism In inquilinism, one organism serves as a permanent home for another organism. An example is a woodpecker drilling a cavity in a saguaro cactus to use as a nesting site. The woodpecker benefits; the cactus is unaffected. Metabiosis Metabiosis is when an organism (often deceased) creates an environment for another organism, such as bacteria growing in the remains of a dead animal. The deceased animal, because it is dead, can’t be harmed or benefited, but the bacteria get a habitat and food source. Phoresy Phoresy is when one organism uses the other for transportation. Barnacles attaching themselves to whales is an example. The barnacles get a free ride to new feeding and breeding grounds, while the whales likely don’t even notice the barnacles. Commensalism Examples in Nature Commensalism can be more difficult to prove than other types of symbiosis (see below) since it can be challenging to show that one organism truly isn’t impacted in any way from its relationship with another organism. However, below are four examples of relationships that are commonly identified as commensalism. Remember, for each of these interactions, one organism will benefit and the other will be unaffected. Example 1: Remora and Large Marine Animals Remora are small fish that have a sucker-like disk on their heads that allows them to attach to other animals. Remora will use the sucker to attach to sharks, rays, turtles, whales, or other large marine animals. The remora benefits by getting to travel to new food and breeding areas without expending energy for travel and while being protected by the larger animal. The remora also benefits in another, somewhat grosser, way: its diet is made primarily of its host’s feces, so it has ample access to food while hitching a ride. Its carrier is unaffected because the sucker doesn’t harm or help it and the remora is small enough not to impede its movement or speed. Example 2: Lesser Burdock and Black Bears Many types of plants benefit from commensalism when it comes to dispersing their seeds. One particular example is the plant species Arctium minus, commonly known as lesser burdock. Burdock species have prickly heads, known as â€Å"burrs† that easily catch onto animal fur. The animal, say a black bear,brushes against the plant and carries the burr on its fur until sometime later when the burr falls off. The seeds within the burr can then germinate in an area far from the parent plant, where there is likely less competition for resources. The burdock benefits from the seed dispersal, and the black bear neither benefits nor is harmed from the burr clinging to its fur for a short period of time. (Note that, for some animals, especially smaller ones, their relationship with burdock wouldn’t be categorized as commensalism because the burrs can harm them. There are some instances of birds becoming entangled in burrs and dying, which definitely isn’t a neutral impact.) Example 3: Poison Dart Frogs and Leafy Plants Poison dart frogs are a group of frogs in the family Dendrobatidae. They inhabit tropical habitats in Central and South America. Poison dart frogs will often move to the undersides of large plant leaves or under the leaves themselves as protection from the elements or from predators. The frogs benefit by having a place of protection, while the plant is unaffected by the frogs using them as a temporary place to hide. Example 4: Aspergillus and Humans Aspergillus is a genus of fungi. It’s capable of living in extreme environments, one of which includes the upper gastrointestinal tract of humans. For most people, Aspergillus produces no symptoms whatsoever, but the fungus benefits from the living environment and nutrients its host human provides. However, like many other commensalism examples, this relationship isn’t always commensalism in every case. In some humans who are immunocompromised, a fungal infection occurs where Aspergillus grows out of control, which causes a negative impact on the person suffering from the infection. Other Types of Symbiosis Because there are so many different types of organisms, it makes sense that there are many ways they can interact with each other. There are multiple types of symbiosis. The three most commonly studied are commensalism, mutualism, and parasitism, but we’ve included some additional examples as well to give you a fuller idea of the many ways symbiosis exists in nature. Next to the name of each type of symbiosis are symbols indicating whether the organisms benefit, are harmed, or aren’t affected by the relationship. The symbol for commensalism is (+/0) which means one organism benefits and the other isn’t affected. Mutualism (+/+) In mutualism, both organisms benefit from the relationship. An example is monkeys and fruit-producing trees. The monkeys benefit by eating the fruit, and the trees benefit from the monkeys carrying the seeds away as a method of seed dispersal. Parasitism (+/-) Parasitism is when one organism (the parasite) lives on another organism (the host). The parasite benefits from the relationship, and the host is harmed by it. The host typically isn’t killed, although this can happen if a host is invaded by many parasites or if the parasitism goes on for a long time. An example of parasitism is head lice that live on human scalps. Lice feed on the blood of their hosts, but humans who have them suffer symptoms such as scalp soreness, itching, and irritation. Amensalism (-/0) Amensalism is a relationship where one organism is unaffected and the other is harmed (or sometimes killed). Black walnut trees naturally contain a substance called juglone which kills or stunts many of the plants living near its roots. The black walnut trees aren’t impacted by the juglone, but plant species near them can be seriously harmed by it. Competition (-/-) Competition is when two organisms both want the same limited resource. Because they have to compete for the resource (often food, water, or territory), both organisms are negatively impacted. Cheetahs and lions both attempting to hunt the same small herd of zebras is an example of competition. If there aren’t enough zebras for both animals to eat, they will both get less food than what they want and may suffer from hunger/starvation as a result. Predation (+/-) In this relationship, one organism kills and eats the other. Examples include a jaguar killing and eating a tapir as well as horses eating grass. Unlike parasitism, where the host remains alive while the parasite lives off it, predation results in the death of one of the organisms. Summary: Commensalism Definition Biology Need to define commensalism? The simplest commensalism definition is that it’s a type of symbiosis where one organism benefits and the other neither benefits nor is harmed. The three main types of commensalism are inquilinism, metabiosis, and phoresy. Although it can be difficult to prove an organism truly isn’t impacted by its relationship with another organism, there are numerous commensalism examples in nature. The commensalism relationship is just one type of symbiosis; other types include mutualism, parasitism, predation, amensalism, and competition. What's Next? Are you studying clouds in your science class? Get help identifying the different types of clouds with our expert guide. Trillion is a massive number, but what comes after it?Learn about huge numbers like a trillion, googol, and more in our guide tothe names of big numbers. Writing a research paper for school but not sure what to write about?Our guide to research paper topics has over 100 topics in ten categories so you can be sure to find the perfect topic for you.

Discuss the definitions and characteristics of White Collar Crime Essay

Discuss the definitions and characteristics of White Collar Crime - Essay Example White collar fraud does not carry any act of violence with it. The chief trait of this fraud is to beguile the victims and making them the ‘ insects towards lamp’. Perpetrators are not easily caught and punished, since most of the victims do not make a complaint of their loss at an early stage. By the time the victims realise their plight of being cheated and try to make the issue open to the society, the perpetrators either vacate the scene or gain still more strength of popularity that shields them from the punishments. Naturally neither an individual nor a group of people award punishment for the lapse of the self. At the point of realisation, the question of awarding punishment to the self disappears. Thus analysis of crime and awarding punishment are always carried out in second person only and not in first person. The power of punishing is usually vested with people of higher status of socio economic arena. Crime is simply human. Status difference are not actually correlated to what is termed activities of crime. But since, the powered people are capable of making and breaking the rules, crimes committed by them are generally not treated as violent as the crimes of blue collar people. Sutherland’s definition of white collar crime goes this way: ‘white collar crime is the crime committed by a person of respectability and high social status in the course of his occupation†. Hazel Croall, (2001), has scrutinised this definition and found some deficiencies in it. He has pointed out that Sutherland’s definition is silent on the issue of identifying the activities of white collar crime. He was very much concerned about the miniature mentioning of white collar crime in many research findings and the low tone in the expressly declared results. The Marxist approach of criminology, which used to control the activities of the low powered or powerless, did keep

Islamic Finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Islamic Finance - Essay Example The value and growth demonstrated by Islamic finance, in recent years, typifies the industry’s overall potential comparative to conventional finance. The growth of Islamic finance has been observed outside conventional Islamic markets in members of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC). This signifies the increased attention being paid to Islamic finance by policy markers, as well as other universal market participants. The point of this paper is to refute the argument that Islamic finance cannot serve as a viable alternative to conventional finance. To date, a number of non-traditional Islamic markets such as London and New York have shown increased appreciation for the value of Islamic finance. In fact, London and New York launched indices in their FTSE and Dow Jones indices with a view to offer a benchmark for equity prices attributable to investments in Islamic financial companies (Warde 141). Governments such as the UK government continue to play a major role in extending th e scope of Islamic finance by extending support, for instance, by prohibiting the imposition of double stamp duty on Islamic mortgages (Warde 54). This is indicative of the fact that modern governments and private institutions are becoming increasingly aware of the viability of Islamic finance as an alternative to conventional finance. ... Typically, Islamic finance offers financial products rooted in the doctrines of Shariah or Islamic Law (El-Gamal 94). Most of these products are offered to Muslim investors while some Islamic products also attract conventional borrowers and investors. Islamic finance centers primarily on the principles of Islamic, and as a consequence, it encompasses a two-tier system. Firstly, the banking system accepts bankers’ deposits primarily for safe-keeping purposes without the accrual of any return while demanding 100% reserves. This means that, under Islamic finance, the payment system of the economy is protected from risks. Additionally, the system also limits the capacity of the banking system to create credit, thus hindering the necessity for deposit guarantee attributed to the conventional reserve system (Iqbal, Mirakhor, Askari and Krichene 196). The second primary component of Islamic finance is the fact that investment factors that act as classical financial intermediaries tha t channel savings to appropriate investment projects, as well as events where investment deposits are deemed as equity investments, without guarantees at maturity are subject to profit and loss sharing (Warde 128). Depositors are essentially considered as investors and the collection of assets managed by the financial institution appear on the assets segment of the balance sheets. The primary difference of between the conventional financial system and financial intermediation inherent in Islamic finance is that while depositors accrue fixed and pre-determined liabilities in conventional finance, those in Islamic system are party to both profits and losses accrued by the financial institution’s assets (El-Gamal 133). This signifies that Islamic finance does away with the old

Spiritual Life Coaching Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Spiritual Life Coaching - Essay Example However, for this to happen, one must comprehend the true depiction of coaching to begin with. Coaching does not come about as a routine norm for many – it is the basis of attaining a significant level over other individuals yet feeling occupied with one’s own self over a period of time. Since coaching adheres to some good standards on its way, there is a dire requirement to set things right within a person’s entirety. For this reason, it is closely linked with his spiritual life which is cleansed from the inside, and is pure in the most basic sense. A spiritual life is not always assisted by coaching alone – there are other perspectives to it as well. This can be gauged from the dimensions that a society finds itself connected with. It could comprise of the good deeds, the mannerisms of sanity, discussions on topics that have a positive and long-lasting effect, and a number of other subjects related with honesty, clean ways to spend a life, being good to others, use of morality, etc. Coaching is at times even compared along side the training modules and mentoring regimes. This is because these are much similar yet have minute differences existent amongst them. What is important however is to gain an understanding that all three of these – coaching, training and mentoring form the very crust of success that an individual is looking forward to having within his fore, so that his spiritual life could be restored and he can enjoy the benefits that life has to offer to him, time and time again (Walz, 2005). When coaching connects itself with the essence of a spiritual basis, then only can a spiritual life come into full action. This has been proven with the passage of time and much research has already showed that the relation between the two indeed exists. The coaching phase is therefore directly reliant on how well the peers are able to garner interest so that the ones being coached know exactly what to expect out of it and how to go about completing their respective tasks. The spiritual life basis will result from the very same not before they have been taught the very basics of coaching and are geared to reach the top most levels under the aegis of coaching. Whether or not coaching speaks to a person’s spiritual life largely depends on how well he has been coached, as discussed in the above paragraphs. If his coaching helps him to seek an inner world pleasure, then this means something is driven correctly as far as his life realms are concerned. On the other hand, if he believes that he is not being able to satisfy his own self through the coaching methodologies and norms, then this implies for the loss that he has to take the burden of (Nielsen, 2012). What remains to be seen is how well he musters up confidence to turn the coaching module into one of a spiritual journey so that his own life could benefit from it. Often times, the success is in the head alone, yet difficult to envisage due to a n umber of mental blocks along the way. When coaching experts are asked regarding the process of coaching and how it can be termed as merry for one and all, they credit the same to the willpower of the individuals, and how well they adapt to the different situations and behave in accordance with the same. This is much similar to how coaching should be carried out where the inner essence needs to bank on the premise of bringing about a positive change, so that success within such dimensions could be achieved without any hindrance or difficulty. This is however no easy task because the person under consideration has to comprehend his nuances accordingly and thus identify where he has gone wrong all this while by taking the corrective steps along the way. From biblical research, it has been proved that anything

Creative Life Writing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Creative Life Writing - Essay Example The nighttime was unpleasantly cold. Maureen sat back and remained still on her bed, struggling not to tremble. Any motions or move about could be heard by the other mean convent sisters. She tried to control her breathing, in order not to trigger nausea in the extraordinarily freezing air despite the fact that her heart wanted to beat its way out of her chest. Her body was uneasy, as she had to wait for the morning almost throughout the night. Finally, it was morning, and the chattering and babbling noises of morning birds reverberated throughout the trees. Moreover, she knew she had finally walloped the recognizable gold of her patients. Enthusiasm endangered to compel her gulp of air into an unbalanced struggle for breath, but she tried to remain in control of herself. By now she knew the other sisters were up. She challenged to turn her head over so steadily, to look closely through the spaces between the beds in the dormitory. A pair of shimmering eyes in the narrow glow bounced in her direction. Then she reckoned she would have only seconds. They drew more rapidly, and she allowed her muscles to be overwrought, set for confrontations she would have to face, she thought to herself. Without warning, there was a heavy tap on her shoulder and what followed was the glare of two big eyeballs and a hoarse voice saying, â€Å"Getcha loaf off the bed you muppet!† Maureen starred at Mother Teresa and in her head said to herself, â€Å"I wonder if she knows the Jesus, she preaches about. â€Å"I am having a bad dose, Mother Teresa,† Said Maureen. The look from the gigantic woman made Maureen’s arms move of its individual agreement as she tried to lift her helpless body off the bed. Maureen’s feet reached for the ground. She howled while yawning and gurgled stretching her muscles after a long night. She put on her sandals and walked down the hallway, knowing the routine it was time for morning prayers before taking breakfast. By now, Maureen could not hold her nausea anymore as she headed hurriedly for the bathroom. When there she let it go, and it took all her energy making her sit on the floor despite how unhygienic and unthinkable it was.She slowly opened the door and soon after noticed a shadow below her feet. When she looked up she could see the silhouette of a gigantic woman before her, as the sunlight rays made it difficult to tell who it was. She moved towards Maureen and said, â€Å"Relax my child, it is me, Angela.† Maureen then s tepped back in a manner to hide her face from the blaring sunlight. As she regained her sight, she noticed an elderly woman was staring at her belly. She then said, â€Å"how’s the body me a little child?† Maureen replied, â€Å"Am doing just good sister.† But Angela became persistent and asked, â€Å"And why are ya spoofing off ya mouth here?† Maureen then looked down and said, â€Å"You must not tell anyone of this but am up to the duff Sister.† Angela sat down next to her in astonishment. â€Å"How is that even possible? You are a very young lad!!†

Art Originality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Art Originality - Essay Example I view the program as a catalyst to better myself and to enjoy the boundless regions of art itself. I really find the lessons motivating. Here, we are constantly encouraged to draw anything that we wanted. The course made me relish the freedom of the art world. There are times when we are asked to draw something at home to be presented before the class the next day. I believe that the intention is to gain inspiration and creativity in an ambience beyond the class' art studio atmosphere. There would always be time allotted to talk about recent news and various issues such as the nuclear test in North Korea to Nicole Ritchie's eating disorder. I guess such discussions are substantial in improving our skills because it nurtures self-expression and consciousness. One time we had to bring four pictures which we perceive to be of good art, of bad art, of a beautiful looking person, and of an ugly looking person. I chose Frida Kahlo's works as good art because her works exude a great sense of style in contrast with the bad art of Damien Hirst who is identified with his eccentric exploitation of animals in his works. I also brought the photographs of Nicole Kidman and Michael Jackson and explained that the former is a picture of beauty and the latter is a display of ugliness and distortion caused by excessive plastic surgery. After those discussions we would talk about our own works.

Creative Life Writing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Creative Life Writing - Essay Example The nighttime was unpleasantly cold. Maureen sat back and remained still on her bed, struggling not to tremble. Any motions or move about could be heard by the other mean convent sisters. She tried to control her breathing, in order not to trigger nausea in the extraordinarily freezing air despite the fact that her heart wanted to beat its way out of her chest. Her body was uneasy, as she had to wait for the morning almost throughout the night. Finally, it was morning, and the chattering and babbling noises of morning birds reverberated throughout the trees. Moreover, she knew she had finally walloped the recognizable gold of her patients. Enthusiasm endangered to compel her gulp of air into an unbalanced struggle for breath, but she tried to remain in control of herself. By now she knew the other sisters were up. She challenged to turn her head over so steadily, to look closely through the spaces between the beds in the dormitory. A pair of shimmering eyes in the narrow glow bounced in her direction. Then she reckoned she would have only seconds. They drew more rapidly, and she allowed her muscles to be overwrought, set for confrontations she would have to face, she thought to herself. Without warning, there was a heavy tap on her shoulder and what followed was the glare of two big eyeballs and a hoarse voice saying, â€Å"Getcha loaf off the bed you muppet!† Maureen starred at Mother Teresa and in her head said to herself, â€Å"I wonder if she knows the Jesus, she preaches about. â€Å"I am having a bad dose, Mother Teresa,† Said Maureen. The look from the gigantic woman made Maureen’s arms move of its individual agreement as she tried to lift her helpless body off the bed. Maureen’s feet reached for the ground. She howled while yawning and gurgled stretching her muscles after a long night. She put on her sandals and walked down the hallway, knowing the routine it was time for morning prayers before taking breakfast. By now, Maureen could not hold her nausea anymore as she headed hurriedly for the bathroom. When there she let it go, and it took all her energy making her sit on the floor despite how unhygienic and unthinkable it was.She slowly opened the door and soon after noticed a shadow below her feet. When she looked up she could see the silhouette of a gigantic woman before her, as the sunlight rays made it difficult to tell who it was. She moved towards Maureen and said, â€Å"Relax my child, it is me, Angela.† Maureen then s tepped back in a manner to hide her face from the blaring sunlight. As she regained her sight, she noticed an elderly woman was staring at her belly. She then said, â€Å"how’s the body me a little child?† Maureen replied, â€Å"Am doing just good sister.† But Angela became persistent and asked, â€Å"And why are ya spoofing off ya mouth here?† Maureen then looked down and said, â€Å"You must not tell anyone of this but am up to the duff Sister.† Angela sat down next to her in astonishment. â€Å"How is that even possible? You are a very young lad!!†

Some Say I Was Poor Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Some Say I Was Poor - Essay Example This brought some joy of happiness in my life as we no longer had to dwell out for a bath. Like every rich child I did not receive bacon, sausage and eggs in my breakfast but rather settled for an oat meal which i never missed upon. My childhood had good memories of receiving good clothes from my elder siblings who stopped wearing them after a while. Again the clothes were not new but they were enough to make me happy for a while. All these problems arose because i belonged to a family who was not much educated. My father and mother both dropped out from their school at an early age and could not strive for a better job to earn their family a nice living. As i grew up in life i realized that i belonged to a lower class family in the United States. When i was a child there were certain times when i used to witness rich children and envy them because of their way of living but now at this age when i think of it i consider it as a blessing in disguise. Christmas was a time which i looke d forward to during my childhood as that was the time when i used to get presents. Some of my wishes did not come true during my childhood but i still don’t regret them. Altogether we were ten siblings living under one roof and being together was a pleasure for me as we always had the company of each other. We used to get along well and played games together which helped us to pass our time in a nice manner. Like every child we also had wished to have a big feast and in order to fulfil our wishes we used to play games in which we pretended as to we all were eating a large feast. At the age of eleven we all were required to go to the cotton field so we could earn for our family. On Friday we were all paid and this money would go to our parents so they could manage the house. Many people would consider this act to be a harmful act for the children but we were happy to do this for the cause of our family. As my father was not much educated himself he did not give specific direct ions to us so that we could study. My father preached us about God and helped us to know that he is the supreme being in the world. Success does not come instantly in life but it can be achieved on different levels. Growing up in a small town called Ferris located in Texas was not hard but one thing that i must admit is that we belonged to a poor community as a whole. In those times the neighbours had great respect for each other and in our town all our neighbours used to share things with each other. I still remember this as a positive gesture during my childhood which helped me to learn more about life and care. Gradually with time all of my siblings including me started walking on a path which led to a better future. We all have grown up to get used to the culture of the world today. Some of my siblings joined school whereas some went to trade schools only to become successful. With struggle and hope all of us have become professionals in the world today to lead a better life tha n we had when we were children. Although we can still not be classified in the upper class of the American Society today but we are happy with all that we have. All of us have become financially stable to earn a better future and now that we sit together we remember the times that we had during our childhood. I have learned on every step of life that we can become successful if we try. Education in my

A Great Way to Care Essay Example for Free

A Great Way to Care Essay In chapter fifteen 2b or Not 2b? of They Say / I Say, David Crystal provides arguments in favour of text messaging. Crystal tries to prove his point that text messaging is not destroying the English language with great research, a lot of examples and a clear organization. As the author himself puts it, Texting has added a new dimension to language use, but its long-term impact is negligible. Its not a disaster. . Although some people believe text messaging is pillaging our punctuation, savaging our sentences and raping our vocabulary, Crystal insist that. In sum, then, his view is that the abbreviations were used as a natural, intuitive response to a technological problem, but that they are also more than just time and energy saving act. He considers some texts also as linguistically quite complex. Im two minds about how texting effects the english language. On the one hand, I gree that texting can be very creative and that the abbreviations we use in text massaging are nothing new, he gives use countless examples like IOU (I owe you), which is known from the year 1618 . On the other hand Im not sure if these arguments can stand against the accusations that texting is destroying the english language. For me his arguments are not convincing enough. From my own experiences (english as a foreign language) it seemed pretty hard to understand and nonsense when I heard my friends actually talking the way they text usually, like saying cos instead of because or lol. Text messaging is in this case no more just about texting, it actually effects also the way we talk. Overall I believe text messaging is a great way to communicate and motivates people to be creative and create new words or abbreviations, but it also does form its own language separating itselfs more and more from the traditional English. If its good or worse is out of my ability to judge at this time.

Analysis of Contract Types in Construction

Analysis of Contract Types in Construction It consists of the Guest Rooms, Restaurant, Swimming Pools, Dance Studios, Health and Fitness Centre, Conference and Meeting Rooms. On the other hand, Electricity Power Supply System, Electrical Low Voltage System, Fire Services System, Central Air-conditioning System, Plumbing Drainage System, Passenger Services Lifts with cargo lift services and Building structural finishing and furnishing were re-structured and re-designed respectively into three nos. of hotels. Cause of reconstruction As three nos. of the Cinnamon Grand hotels were found destroyed by the adverse weather and several storms in August 2012, the reconstruction work was required with consent of the Hotel Management Board. Background information Profile of Consultant firm We are a consultancy service company namely ES Architect Consultant Service Company Limited, which has been established in United Kingdom since 1976. Our business covers consultancy service, construction work, renovation work, facilities property management, leasing agency, interior design and various engineering etc. Our professional team involves competent person such as registered professional, structural and geotechnical engineer etc. Recently, we are appointed to manage the reconstruction work for a hotel called Cinnamon Hotel. Subsequently, we undertake to carry out the aforesaid reconstruction work according to requirement of the client as hotels landlord. Re-open business time of the hotels will be anticipated implemented from 1st March 2013 and completed on or before 1st April 2014. To facilitate and ensure that the potential guests could enjoy their journey in the hotels after the reconstruction work in phase 1, we propose divide the work into two phases. The Roofs, Guest rooms, Restaurant and Swimming pools will be scheduled in phase 1. The Dance studios, Health and Fitness centre, Conference and Meeting rooms will be scheduled in phase 2. In order to create the prestigious and retain heritage style with traditional England design in the hotel at the town, grand design is highly required. Details information of the concerned facilities is listed below; Background information Schedule of project in Phase 1 Three ply waterproof design for three nos. of the roofs per one block of the hotel will be proposed, its lifecycle will anticipate fifteen years to replace approximately and repair cost will anticipate fifty hundred pounds per year; Roman design for the whole block (include external wall), lobbies and twenty nos. of the general guest rooms, Rococo design for twenty nos. of the general guest rooms and traditional England design for ten nos. of the president suite rooms will be proposed. Total guest rooms nos. is fifty per one block of the hotels; Continental with open kitchen design and three teams local cook lead by a chef for three nos. of the restaurant per one block of the hotels will be proposed; Alfresco indoor swimming pool with spa, massage and steam services, which is provide the thermostat system for six nos. swimming pools per one block of the hotels will be proposed. Schedule of project in Phase 2 Diversity with musical system will be set-up in the dance studios per one block of the hotel will be proposed; Professional tutors will be arranged in the health and fitness centre per one block of the hotels will be proposed; High technology multimedia system and audio-visual with record system will be set-up in the conference and meeting rooms per one block of the hotels will be proposed. Objectives Clients Requirement In view of the above arrangement of reconstruction work for three nos. of the hotels, our client is concerned with the work commencement date and completion date, which must be regarded as the first priority because the peak travel season is coming soon. Therefore, the schedule of reconstruction work should cope with the demand in order to raise the competitive predominance in the same district. Also, other major concern is no in-house experience and insufficient staff to conduct the above reconstruction work in order to avoid any nuisance and contingency occurrence emerge in the phase one and two involve cost, time and quality control. To cope with the above potential risk avoidance, we would establish clear statement for scope of work, terms conditions and penalty for liquidated damage to potential contractors. Especially, we would strictly to supervise and monitoring the service provision after the phase one project to let the potential guests enjoy their journey in the hotels. Budget by Client The client has sufficient cash flow to disburse the above reconstruction work cost in approximately at  £ $120,000,000.00 (120 Million). Recommendation Type of contract After collecting and ponder the above information with more concern, we decide to propose Design and Build contract method to our client. This method can not only to solve the technical issue deficient from client but also to avoid any variation order incurred in the future (such as budget to limit). In addition, design, materials and method suggestion of three nos. of the hotels have special ways to handle, quote instance, engrave technique for beam of Roman design in the whole block, external wall, lobbies, guest rooms, spa, massage and steam tanks with room facilities which are need to high technology and special order to complete. Design and Build contract method is highly required. In order to enhance knowledge for advantage and disadvantage for the Design and Build to our client, details are listed as below:. Analysis Advantages and Disadvantages of type of contract Advantages of Design and Build: Deduction of the Costs, Time, and Mistakes These design and build contractors are specialists in appointing both design and construction experts and making the process much easier for the property owner. For example, there is no need to hire variety of the contractors to carry out all aspects of the building project and arrangements with other subcontractors; Individual responsible party it is efficient to avoid conflict and confuse any communication between the various parties involvement; Costs saving Under a responsible party, it is more efficient due to avoidable duplication of manpower and both the design and building processes in the same company, the information between the two coincides. That means the cost of reconstruction work will be well controlled within budget because there is less possibility of miscommunication when the same design contractor is managing the two phases. Since the company is aware of the whole budget limitation, she is able to quickly and accurately determine if particular changes would put the reconstruction work over budget. Time Saving The Design and Build process could eliminate other the competitive bidding process that often adds to the project completion time. Furthermore, if the design and construction portion occur at the same time, it would save lead time during the course of the reconstruction work; Improved Risk Management Every aspect of the project has been carefully developed through the collaboration of the contractor, designer, builder, and client. Each party involved is aware of what theyre responsible for and has coordinated their efforts with one another. The process becomes more efficient to reduce the amount of risk involved; Increased Quality Control On the one hand, under a responsible party for every steps of the process promotes the more cohesive approach to the remodel. One party orchestrating each aspect of the remodel assures that the standards are met throughout and the goal is more accurately communicated On the other hand, one of the significant reasons that the clients tend to prefer adopting of the Design and Build contractors because of their ability to handle everything in house. This is very appealing to clients because it means that no one will cut corners with quality of materials or labor. It is also very beneficial to have the same contractor work for the project from start to finish. Disadvantages of Design and Build: In the past, the design phase and the build phase were separated. Firstly, the building is designed by architects. Secondly, contractors analyze the architectural design and bid on the amount that it will cost to construct the project. Thirdly, once the bid amount is agreed upon, construction takes place. When the two phases are separated, it often leads to problems. It is not uncommon for the client to become unhappy when the design conflicts with what can be built. In order to eliminate this issue, you can now use design build contractors which integrate both the design and build phase together. Conclusion Construction project delivery is changing before our eyes. Design-build once known as only one of alternative project delivery may now be the most preferred method. 1 [G. William Quatman (2003) The Architects Guide to Design-Build Services]. After collecting the above information and the requirements from our client, the Design and Build contracting methodology for transportation projects represents a significant change in the way projects, which are managed and delivered by transportation agencies. An important aspect of the Design and Build contracting methodology is developing collaboration and the business relationship between the project engineering/architect and construction contractor. The interaction of the construction contractor with the designer working as a team represents a culture shift from the traditional design and construction project team work together to resolve project design and constructability issues to deliver a quality product in an efficient manner. There is need to perform quickly on the projects, as it is in emergency the owners put the teams together to get the work completion. The complicated problems are always solved the more efficiently and with optimal solutions through collaboration. Collaboration occurs throughout a Design and Build project, not only within the Design and Build / construction team, but also with the owners.

Depression in Americas Teens :: Exploratory Essays Research Papers

Depression in America's Teens Teenage Depression. Everywhere you look these two words appear together as one, in newspapers and magazines, as well as in scholarly reports. Teenage depression is one of today's "hot topics" this among other teenage mental health problems, has been brought to the forefront of public consciousness in recent years after several incidents involving school shootings (CQ 595). The environment that teens grow up in today is less supportive and more demanding than it was twenty years ago. Not only are the numbers of depressed teens rising, but children are also being diagnosed at younger and younger ages. Studies have found that, "There is an estimated 1.5-3 million American children and adolescents who suffer from depression, a condition unrecognized in children until about 20 years ago" (CQR 595). This increase in depression is due to social factors that teenagers have to deal with everyday. A recent study found that, "About five percent of teenagers have major depression at any one time. Depression can be very impairing, not only for the affected teen, but also for his or her family-and too often, if not addressed, depression can lead to substance abuse or more tragic events" (NAMI.org). Gender roles and other societal factors including the pressures on girls to look and act a certain way, the pressures on boys to suppress their emotions and put on a tough front and the pressures on both sexes to do well in school and succeed, all contribute to depression in teens today. Depression is a growing problem which crosses gender lines and one that needs to be dealt with with more than just medication. Clinical depression goes beyond sadness or having a bad day. It is a form of mental illness that affects the way one feels, thinks, and acts. Depression in children can lead to failure in school, alcohol or other drug abuse and even suicide. The warning signs of depression fall into four different categories: emotional signs, cognitive signs (those involving thinking), physical complaints, and behavioral changes. Depending upon the degree of depression, a child may experience a few symptoms or many. Also, the severity of each symptom may vary. According to the CQ Researcher, "School

The Odyssey Homer characterizes the Kyklops in such a way as to reveal :: Classics

The Odyssey Homer characterizes the Kyklops in such a way as to reveal the birth of Odysseus’s well profound strengths as well as his inability to exercise restraint.In this essay I will analyze the significance of the one eyed Kyklops The Odyssey Homer characterizes the Kyklops in such a way as to reveal the birth of Odysseus’s well profound strengths as well as his inability to exercise restraint. In this essay I will analyze the significance of the one eyed Kyklops Polyphemos as an attempt to study Homer’s characterizing of the main character Odysseus. I will analyze the Kyklops’s interaction with Odysseus and will identify the various literary techniques used by Homer while simultaneously explaining the significance and effectiveness of these methods to the plot development of this epic poem. In order to present this pre-eminent epic of action to a more striking effect, Homer uses two devices of characterization, the epithet and the simile in book IX when he describes the scene involving Polyphemos and Odysseus. Both techniques were used to provide additional information about the two characters and to reveal different aspects of Homer’s development of Odyssey’s state of mind. After the war of Troy Odysseus and his crew attempted to find their way back to Odysseus’s home Ithaca, but due to their lack of responsibility they were met with some resistance and choose to rest on a strange island inhabited by a Kyklops. Upon arriving on the island Odysseus and his men naively feasted on readily abundant food found in a secluded cave without first exploring the island to see whether any threats lay near. Then curious Odysseus suggested that they explore and seek knowledge about the native people of the unconquered lands in order to decipher whether they were â€Å"wild savages †¦ or hospitable†¦ god fearing men† (188 -189). This is the first instance amidst a series of others where Odysseus neglects his role as leader and causes the fate of his crew and the journey to become jeopardized. His decision to explore the island of is what caused his main goal of returning home to Ithaca to become destined for failure. Odysseus stumbles onto a prodigious giant; this giant was Polyphemos, son of Poseidon, Greek God and ruler of the seas. When Polyphemos returns to his cave (the same cave where Odysseus and his men feasted) he realizes that his unannounced guests were expecting a warm welcome despite the fact that they had just finished raiding his cattle. The giant understandably refuses to show them any hospitality and begins to devour them one by one. Through this chaotic encounter the consequences of Odysseus’s bad leadership skills materialize, and we The Odyssey Homer characterizes the Kyklops in such a way as to reveal :: Classics The Odyssey Homer characterizes the Kyklops in such a way as to reveal the birth of Odysseus’s well profound strengths as well as his inability to exercise restraint.In this essay I will analyze the significance of the one eyed Kyklops The Odyssey Homer characterizes the Kyklops in such a way as to reveal the birth of Odysseus’s well profound strengths as well as his inability to exercise restraint. In this essay I will analyze the significance of the one eyed Kyklops Polyphemos as an attempt to study Homer’s characterizing of the main character Odysseus. I will analyze the Kyklops’s interaction with Odysseus and will identify the various literary techniques used by Homer while simultaneously explaining the significance and effectiveness of these methods to the plot development of this epic poem. In order to present this pre-eminent epic of action to a more striking effect, Homer uses two devices of characterization, the epithet and the simile in book IX when he describes the scene involving Polyphemos and Odysseus. Both techniques were used to provide additional information about the two characters and to reveal different aspects of Homer’s development of Odyssey’s state of mind. After the war of Troy Odysseus and his crew attempted to find their way back to Odysseus’s home Ithaca, but due to their lack of responsibility they were met with some resistance and choose to rest on a strange island inhabited by a Kyklops. Upon arriving on the island Odysseus and his men naively feasted on readily abundant food found in a secluded cave without first exploring the island to see whether any threats lay near. Then curious Odysseus suggested that they explore and seek knowledge about the native people of the unconquered lands in order to decipher whether they were â€Å"wild savages †¦ or hospitable†¦ god fearing men† (188 -189). This is the first instance amidst a series of others where Odysseus neglects his role as leader and causes the fate of his crew and the journey to become jeopardized. His decision to explore the island of is what caused his main goal of returning home to Ithaca to become destined for failure. Odysseus stumbles onto a prodigious giant; this giant was Polyphemos, son of Poseidon, Greek God and ruler of the seas. When Polyphemos returns to his cave (the same cave where Odysseus and his men feasted) he realizes that his unannounced guests were expecting a warm welcome despite the fact that they had just finished raiding his cattle. The giant understandably refuses to show them any hospitality and begins to devour them one by one. Through this chaotic encounter the consequences of Odysseus’s bad leadership skills materialize, and we

Individualism in “Harrison Bergeron” by Kurt Vonnegut Essay

Individualism is a very important thing in everyone’s life, its part of our personality as portrayed in the story called, â€Å"Harrison Bergeron† by Kurt Vonnegut, Jr. Taking away that individualism is taking apart some of that person. The book in many ways shows what would happen if no one was different and all the people in the world were the same, or basically how disastrous. One example is when the Bergeron’s were watching TV and the announcer came on to announce. He started out enthusiastically and with fire, but automatically got a shock. He tried to act out and be the announcer man with energy, but since everyone was the same he just gave up and let the ballerina read the announcements in monotone voice. Now I for one would never want to hear n announcer that talked in one tone the whole entire time. I addition Vonnegut shows another example is how all the smart and beautiful people have to wear mental and physical handicaps. They wear those handicaps because the government wanted to make everyone equal. So basically if you were even a little bit smart, you would get a handicap and that went with physical attributes too. Finally, the author uses the character Harrison as how most people should act, but being someone different. He acted out and rebelled against the government when they were forcing everyone to be the same. Instead of going with the flow he chose to be himself, and literally broke the chains that the government was using to handicap him. Overall, being you is the best thing to do in life, but society today is portraying the perfect kid that everyone is trying to be.

Eid vs Christmas Essay

In the building with the blue windows and the diamond shaped roof tops, children dressed in red and green with rosy cheeks, were gaily singing: â€Å"Jingle Bells, Jingle Bells, Jingle all the way! Oh what fun it is to ride in a one more hoppin’ slay! Hey! †¦ Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year! † In the building across the street, with the pink windows and the mosque behind it, families were visiting each other in their newly bought clothes and shining shoes, wishing each other: Eid Mubarak, Dear Brother, Dear Sister May Allah’s blessings be bestowed upon you and your family! † The year 2008 is host to Christmas and Eid al Adha during the same month, only a few days apart. One would notice that decorations and celebrations favour one of the Religious Holidays over the other. Why have we chosen to commercialise Christmas and not the Islamic event of Eid? How is it that worldwide Christmas is rejoiced at an extreme point of merriment, whereas Eid al Ad ha is commemorated only within its Islamic communities? The historical references of the birth of Christ (As) and the sacrifice of Ibrahim(As) and his son are known within both religions and are testimonies of social gatherings. Actually, in our Islamic religion we learn that Ibrahim (As) would sacrifice his son Ismael (As) in Makah, while among the Christians, they believe that Ibrahim (As) would sacrifice his son Isaac (As), not Ismael (As), in Palestine. Artists painted the scenes, poets rhymed the stories, authors researched the history, all in tribute to the religious aspect of the culture of their upbringings. So, why is Christmas the prize of the globalization of the market, and not Eid al Adha? Why is Christmas more widely accepted as a commercial Holiday and not Eid? Throughout history, religion has been a battleground for the survival of cultures and traditions. Territory was fought for based on religion, international communications broke down because of different convictions. Yet, the holidays seem to unite even people who are the farthest apart. Thanksgiving, Easter, Ramadan, Eid al Fitr, Eid al Adha and Christmas are celebrations that should be known worldwide; and for the most part they are. In the United States and Canada they honour Thanksgiving, also most westren countries have Easter and Christmas holidays; the Orient celebrate with some of these holidays. However, come Ramadan or Eid, and only the immediate Islamic based countries, like the Middle East and the South-Asian countries, know the details of the holiday. Abu Dhabi is an example of a multi-tradition and multi-cultural city. Every year, Ramadan is noticed and felt all over the city, even its peripheries. Usually, both Eids are just as important as Ramadan is. Nonetheless, this year, because Christmas and Eid al Adha are so close to each other, the shopping malls, hotels and other retail outlets are decorated with the spirit of Christmas and not the joy of Eid al Adha. The controversy is that this is an Islamic country, yet the atmosphere feels very occidental. There are Islamic countries that allow a one-day or two-day holiday scheme for Christmas, whereas Western countries don’t instigate the notion of respecting the religion of others in their society. This demonstrates the respect Islamic based governments have towards their inhabitants, what does it say about the Occident? The Islamic goverments does no justice to the foundation of its roots. It is quite disappointing when the nation’s leaders are not intervening and stating that Eid is as important as Christmas; maybe even more so! This is a country whose laws and government regulations are born from the Quran itself. True, Jesus’ (As) birth is a belief amongst Muslims, but so is the sacrificial symbol of the Adha a belief amongst the Christians and other religions in the world. Why can’t all cultures adopt the Islamic tradition of gifting children with new clothes and taking them out to restaurants and amusement parks? The government does not encourage Eid as much as it allows public places to be enveloped in Christmas decorations. In France, the Arab communities hold visitations and share in Islamic customs within their brotherhood, whilst around them Christmas carols are sung and the city is embellished in tinsel and goblins, awaiting the arrival of â€Å"Santa Claus†, or in their terms â€Å"Pere Noel. In Dubai, much like Abu Dhabi, hotels and restaurants have special Christmas luncheons. Shops and Malls give away special offers during the ‘Festive Season’. There is yet to be established an Eid theme blanketing the cities where Islam is the religion of base, like that of Christmas. What is even more upsetting is that Christmas is in itself less religious and more commercial than it was 500 years ago. Christmas has a face, a fi gure one can imagine when thinking of the Holiday: a jolly man, with a red suit and a white beard. He did not always look like this. â€Å"Santa Claus† acquired his red suit and the big belly through a Coca Cola advertisement in 1931. His image changed, distorted almost, into what we know now as â€Å"Ho! Ho! Ho! Merry Christmas! † by many cartoonists. â€Å"Through the centuries, Santa Claus has been depicted as everything from a tall gaunt man to an elf. He has worn a bishop’s robe and a Norse huntsman’s animal skin. The modern-day Santa Claus is a combination of a number of the stories from a variety of countries†*. (Coca-cola. om) Children stop believing in him at a very early age, whereas before, they would reach the age of maturity and only then learn that â€Å"Santa Claus† is a spirit of St. Nicholas. Eid al Adha, was, is and always will be the same. The story never changes. The facts are facts, not subject to individual interpretation. Families pass on the same heritage that remains untouched, untainted, unpenetrated by social ref orm. In conclusion, I strongly believe that the injustice the Islamic governors does, the discrimination between religions should be educated to a halt. Eid al Adha is my upbringing. Within my family, an uncle has a Christian wife, their house is always decorated with Christmas twinkles during the season; this year, they waited with the decorations until after Eid al Adha. As a Muslim in an Islamic society, I have been brought up to respect all religions and beliefs by our Islamic governments; so why now can’t the Islamic governments respect their religion that they take oath to respect, protect, and maintain it?

Interview with Xiaochu of BenMo Public Relations Essay

Interview with Xiaochu of BenMo Public Relations - Essay Example Since I participated so actively in society, I was able to get a good idea of what society wants. I noticed that most PR companies did not seem to really be providing what the public actally wanted, they didn’t have that knowledge of the Chinese people that was necessary to make a true connection. Most of those foreign PR companies saw the potential in our country of almost 1.6 billion people and most of the time, and my idea was to adapt their professionalism and experience to provide a PR experience and service that was specifically tailored for our country .† Everyone knows PR. What we need here is something â€Å"by the people for the people† so to speak. I wanted to create a widespread, quintessentially Chinese central network, where a central figure was available whom the public could relate to and have access to. â€Å" I want my company to grow like a big tree and now, I am the seed. We have a long way to go.† X: You know, I have never really seen money as my main goal in any of the work that I have done or that I am doing. As I started my business, I never really bothered about how much money I made on an individual job, the only consideration I would bear in mind is how large a segment of the public I was able to gain access to, through my PR work. My theory was, â€Å"the bigger you get, the more jobs you get and the money will come naturally.† X: Well I have always believed in the strength of the word of mouth kind of advertising. â€Å"â€Å" Clients are our number 1 strategy in promotion of the BenMo. Word-of-mouth plays a central role of great influence, and clients are more likely to trust a friend or family member’s recommendation as opposed to an advertisement. X: Well, I would say the secret is knowledge of the media. As an ancient Chinese proverb says, you have to â€Å"know the inches† – in other words, deliver only the news you can support

Marketing plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Marketing plan - Essay Example The Insider Fashions has got a good reception to in the market, thanks to its broad range of customers. Its target market has found the place a one stop shop for all the family fashion. This has brought the need for the store to stretch its branches in various parts of the state. Therefore, it is only from a good marketing plan that the operations of this company can be well executed. Mission Statement, Goals and Objectives The mission of The Insider Fashion Store is to ‘’use the displayed opportunity in the current trends in fashion to provide the best outfit solution to all categories of customers, under one roof, through vigorous market research and rapid product design’’. Its vision is to ‘’become a world class store of the best outfits to all consumer categories’’. As a progressive store, The Insider has a goal to cover all the states in the USA by 2014. SWOT Analysis i. Strengths The Insider Fashions Store is a one stop shop for all the family cloths; therefore it attracts a broad range of customers. There is a welcoming mood created by the store’s employees, where customers are ushered in, well attended to and even provided with snacks to keep them shopping even for longer hours. The store stocks a range of products from all over the world, most of which, come from the most reputable brands in the world. It has partnered with children's entertainment companies to provide various entertainment facilities like video games for the children. This makes the parents to prefer the store since they can move in with their children and stay for longer hours without the children complaining Provision of trial rooms where the outfits are tried by customers to confirm the sizes. ii. Weaknesses The store is forced to charge relatively higher prices than its competitors since it deals with exclusive high quality products which come from far and at high prices. There is need to train employees thoroughly befor e they are employed, this makes the store to lose a lot of money in training iii. Opportunities All the store’s branches have been strategically placed at busy malls and near big colleges where there is a thrilling lot of customers There is a need for a one stop shopping store for all the family outfits which the store has exploited. There is still need for such stores in various parts of the state, an opportunity that the store has taken up positively and planning for further expansion. The store specializes in training its employee and is now planning to start up a commercial training college for such services. iv. Threats There is stiff competition that the store receives from several other stores set up in the state. By opening up a commercial training facility, there are high chances that the store will disperse its idea of success which other people will use to start up other stores like The Insider. There is also a threat of the new companies that are entering the mark et with new strategies The store has a threat of losing its international customers in case similar stores are starting up in the customers’ respective countries. Market Segmentation The market will be segmented in the strength of the customers’ demographic characteristics. The stores around colleges will be stocked up with various youth outfits, more than the other outfits of other age categories. The prices at these stores near colleges will also be lowered to consider that the targeted clients at these places are students who have tendencies of spending less money. For example, one

Importance of Building a Brand for Kellogg Essay

Importance of Building a Brand for Kellogg - Essay Example In the Kellogg’s Case Study, an extensive evaluation of the brand building Kellogg is carried out. It deals with the question whether Kellogg is able to sustain its product lifecycle which is of great significance. Whilst building a brand for a product, it is equally important to consider whether it is possible to capture the market and profitability. For this, it is necessary to implement appropriate major strategic matters related to marketing. Kellogg’s All Bran Brand has been a leading brand in the fiber sector of the cereal market for a long period of time. Kellogg, a leading company in the global market, produces cereal products and other food items like snacks, pastries, cookies etc. One of the main features of Kellogg’s products is that the company offers goods marked for taste and quality. Among its number of brands, All-Bran brand of Kellogg Company holds a considerable position in the market avenues. This is mainly for the reason that the brand offers more nutritious products than the other brands. An effective implementation of both financing and marketing sectors is decisive for this brand building of All-Bran banner. In addition to this, it also requires consumer perception of the changes made by Kellogg Company. The brand image of Kellogg’s All-Bran is outstanding as compared to other high fiber brands made by Kellogg. So, in order to attain an overall development of all brands, Kellogg gas decided to merge all other brands with the master brand of Kellogg Company. As we take in to account the running style of the Kellogg Company, we find that it is necessary to evaluate the product life cycle of All-Bran product in order to improve its existing strategic plans. Effective implementation of marketing strategies is essential in the accomplishment of goals set by the entity. The success of any product and its marketing is highly related to its brand image. â€Å"Consumers very often do not use explicit, concrete, rational factors to evaluate products, and thus their motivation to purchase is not always easy to articulate.†Ã‚  

The UK and European Package Holiday Markets Essay

The UK and European Package Holiday Markets - Essay Example The UK and European Package Holiday Markets According to a 2004 Survey conducted by MORI, although the Internet’s search Engines was used for gathering data about Travels and holidays, comparatively fewer people actually used Internet facilities for booking their holiday trips online. what needs to be emphasized is that e-commerce serves only to offer connectivity between the service-provider and the customer. The use of the Internet, by itself, does not guarantee package holiday bookings or ticket sales. Only by creating and sustaining a strong online branding can the travel agencies hope to compete sauccessfully in this market Effective marketing strategies along with knowledge base ,combined with the use of effective use of technology would be a winning cocktail.for success. Personalized websites hoisted by the various travel agents and tour operators would ensure steady business prospects and future growth of this industry. As a result of the fact that the travel and tourism industry has been the single largest beneficiary of products and services sold over the Internet, more and more companies plan to expand their Internet sales strategic goals and objectives by harnessing the use of internet for online booking of Hotel reservations, Conducted tours, Visa formalities and other matters connected with international tourism to cater to the online travel market and reap the advantages of online connectivity.† The Percentage of Travel Research done online before a purchase is now over 74%†.

El Salvador Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

El Salvador - Essay Example The poor groups are characterized with poverty and without property, with little opportunity to explore the possibility of expanding their income as well as education opportunity. This population increasingly lives in poverty, a situation that has been associated with high birthrate. (Romanoff, Steven, 28) Study reveals that the increasing population of the El Salvador is as a result or poverty rather than the later being the course of the former. (Romanoff, Steven, 30) The largest share of the population in El Salvador is employed in the Agricultural sector work in the plantation. This presents another question of what could be the structure of the population and what is the evolution it has obtained overtime? What are the functions that have perpetuated poverty among those who live in the rural, and what are the consequences of the increase in the rate of population growth. There is a high level of poverty in rural as well as in urban among the people of El Salvador. (Romanoff, Steven, 32) This has been contributed to the fact that there is a high level of unequal distribution of land. (Maxwell, Daniel G., John W. Parker, and Heather C. Stobaugh, 69) Land is a key factor of production in El Salvador and lack or possession of it has a bearing in determination of the poverty gap. In a study conducted on the family income in El Salvador, it was revealed that 10% of those who received their income among the wealthiest obtained more wealth than the remaining 90% put together. While those who could be classified as top 1% obtained more income than that of the 50% of the poorest in the society. The wealthy families at 5.2% and were having more than 10 hectares of land were controlling overwhelming 73%. (Maxwell, Daniel G., John W. Parker, and Heather C. Stobaugh, 69) A different study conducted in 1992 revealed that 72% of the rural